More recently, novel culture conditions allowed the conversion of human ESCs into mouse ESC-like cells called nave(or ground state) human ESCs, and the derivation

of nave human ESCs from blastocysts. Here we will review the characteristics of each type of pluripotent stem cells, how(and whether) these relate to different stages of embryonic development, and discuss the potential implications of nave human ESCs in research and therapy.
角膜内皮功能失代偿引起的失明可通过角膜移植来治疗。人们通过体外培养角膜内皮细胞并使其增殖,进行角膜内皮细胞移植和角膜组织工程学研究。目前常用的分离角膜内皮细胞的方法是从供体上撕除后弹力层和角膜内皮层,利用酶消化作用使角膜内皮细胞分离。常用的培养基为基础培养基加各种生长因子。这些生长因子在一定程度上促进细胞增殖,但培养的角膜内皮细胞长期传代后仍难以维持正常的细胞形态和功能。基因转染技术建立了永生化角膜内皮细胞系,有关细胞周期、信号通路和离子通道的研究成果也促进了角膜内皮细胞体外培养的研究进展。本文综述了角膜内皮细胞体外培养各个环节的最近进展。
The 或者 selleck PDE 抑制剂 relevance of retinal diseases, both in society’s economy and in the quality of people’s life who suffer with them, has made stem

cell therapy an interesting topic forresearch. Embryonic stem cells(ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs) and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs) are the focus in current endeavors as a source of different retinal cells, such as photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial cells. The aim is to apply them for cell replacement as an option for treating retinal diseases which so far are untreatable in their advanced stage. ESCs, despite the great potential for differentiation, have the dangerous risk of teratoma formation

as well as ethical issues, which must be resolved Indoximod 化学结构 before starting a clinical trial. i PSCs, like ESCs, are able to differentiate in to several types of retinal cells. However, the process to get them for personalized cell therapy has a high cost in terms of time and money. Researchers are working to resolve this since i PSCs seem to be a realistic option for treating retinal diseases. ADMSCs have the advantage that the procedures to obtain them are easier. Despite advancements in stem cell application, there are still several challenges that need to be overcome before transferring the research results to clinical application. This paper reviews recent research achievements of the applications of these three types of stem cells as well as clinical trials currently based on them.
肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSC)能产生异质性肿瘤细胞,具有较强的自我更新、引起肿瘤发生、维持肿瘤生长、保持肿瘤异质性的能力,与肿瘤的复发、转移和治疗耐受密切相关。Wnt、Notch、Hedgehog及TGF-β信号通路在维持CSC的生长及增殖中具有重要的作用。阐明CSC的相关信号通路,可以为结肠癌的防治提供新的途径。1 CSC1.1干细胞理论的发展史德国病理学家Rudolf Virchow
目的观察转化生长因子β(TGF-β)抑制剂SB-505124对U87MG细胞放疗敏感性的影响。方法将U87MG细胞分为SB-505124处理组(A组)和对照组(B组),分别接受0、3、6、10和15Gy射线照射后,采用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)检测细胞存活率,免疫荧光技术检测细胞损伤情况。结果 A组和B组射线照射后磷酸化H2AX荧光点数均较照射前增加[(9.02±1.96)个vs.(2.17±0.99)个和(8.75±2.07)个vs.(2.68±0.96)个](P0.